Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns
Grammar Focus
Possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns используются, чтобы показать принадлежность — кому принадлежит предмет.
Possessive Adjectives (притяжательные прилагательные)
Они стоят перед существительным и не используются самостоятельно.
my — мой, моя
your — твой / ваш
his — его
her — её
its — его / её (для предметов и животных)
our — наш
their — их
This is my book. — Это моя книга.
Possessive Pronouns (притяжательные местоимения)
Они заменяют существительное и используются без него.
mine — мой
yours — твой / ваш
his — его
hers — её
its — (почти не используется)
ours — наш
theirs — их
This book is mine. — Эта книга моя.
Важно:
После притяжательного прилагательного всегда есть существительное.
Притяжательное местоимение никогда не используется с существительным.
Совет: если после слова стоит предмет — это прилагательное; если предмета нет — местоимение.
Story
I am a student, and my school day starts early. I take my bag and check my books before leaving home. My parents help me every morning, and their support is important for me. At school I meet my friends and see their smiles. Our classroom is bright, and our desks are clean.
During the English lesson, the teacher checks our homework. My exercise is correct, but my friend has a mistake in his work. The teacher explains the rule again, and her explanation is clear. Everyone understands it.
After the lesson, I look for my notebook, but I cannot find it. My friend shows me a notebook on the table. It is not mine; it is hers. Then I see my notebook in my bag. The bag is mine, but the books inside are ours because we study together.
At the end of the day, we share our ideas and help each other. Learning English becomes easier when we understand how to use possessive adjectives and pronouns correctly.
Useful Words and Expressions
possessive — притяжательный
adjective — прилагательное
pronoun — местоимение
belonging — принадлежность
book — книга
notebook — тетрадь
bag — сумка
homework — домашнее задание
rule — правило
explanation — объяснение
correct — правильный
mistake — ошибка
support — поддержка
together — вместе
share — делиться
idea — идея
important — важный
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with a possessive adjective
This is ___ book. (I)
She checks ___ homework every day.
We like ___ English lessons.
He puts ___ notebook on the desk.
They clean ___ classroom.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
This pen is ___.
a) my
b) mine
c) me
That is ___ bag, not yours.
a) hers
b) her
c) she
These books are ___.
a) our
b) us
c) ours
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
What does the narrator check before leaving home?
Whose explanation helps the students understand the rule?
Why is the notebook on the table not the narrator’s?
What does the word «ours» describe in the story?
How does understanding possessive forms help students?
Answer Key
Exercise 1:
my
her
our
his
their
Exercise 2:
1–b, 2–b, 3–c
Exercise 3 (Sample Answers):
The narrator checks his or her bag and books before leaving home. This helps the student prepare for school.
The teacher’s explanation helps the students understand the rule. Her explanation is clear and simple.
The notebook on the table is not the narrator’s because it belongs to a friend. It is hers, not his.
The word «ours» describes the books the students use together. It shows shared belonging.
Understanding possessive forms helps students show belonging correctly. This makes English clearer and more accurate.
Mini Tips
My book → есть существительное, значит прилагательное.
The book is mine → существительного нет, значит местоимение.
Не используй the перед притяжательными формами.
